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Tocotrienols are compounds naturally happening at higher levels in some vegetable oils, including palm oil, rice grain oil, wheat germ, barley, saw palmetto, anatto, and certain other types of seeds, nuts and embryon, and the oils extracted from them.
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The supplement E family comprise four tocotrienols (alpha, beta, molteplicit?, delta) and four tocopherols (alpha, beta, gamma, delta).
Chemically, different analogues of vitamin E all show some activity as a chemical antioxidant but do not all have similar nutritional E equivalence. Tocotrienols show activity based on the type of antioxidant performance being scored. All tocotrienols have some physical antioxidant activity due to an ability to donate a hydrogen atom (a proton plus electron) from the hydroxyl group on the chromanol band, to free radical and reactive oxygen species. Traditionally studies of tocotrienols bank account for less than 1% of research into vitamin E.
Numerous health benefits associated with tocotrienols have been proposed, included decreased risk of heart disease and tumor.
Recent studies have found that tocotrienols have better functions than alpha-tocopherol in some cases, such as anti-oxidation, anti-cancer and cholesterol-lowering properties. These special functions of tocotrienols are related to their own construction.
Since tocotrienols contain unsaturated side chains, they can penetrate more effectively into tissues containing saturated oily acid layers, including the brain and liver.
At the same time, it can be easily distributed in the lipid layer of the cell membrane, thus playing a good antioxidant and scavenging free revolutionary effect.
A growing quantity of studies have shown that tocotrienols have unique physiological functions in phrases of antioxidant properties, cholesterol reducing, and inhibition of cancer, and in some aspects have superior physiological functions than tocopherols, indicating that tocotrienols It is of great value in the reduction and treatment of medical and health food apps such as cardiovascular disease and cancer prevention, but you can also get differences.
Because vitamin E has a synergistic effect with selenium and vitamin C, the synergistic effects of other related factors (such as selenium and selenium) should be considered when studying the system and physiological effects of different types of vitamin E in inhibiting cholesterol synthesis and cell expansion. Vitamin C, etc. ).
Natural analogs of TOCOPHEROLS exhibiting antioxidant activity. These types of tocol derivatives and isomers contain a benzopyran engagement ring and an unsaturated isoprenoid side chain.
Any of the four forms, leader, beta, gamma and delta, of a member of the vitamin E family, with potential hypocholesterolemic, antithrombotic, antioxidant, immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Tocotrienol inhibits the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, thus lowering cholesterol levels. Additionally , tocotrienol acts through multiple signal transduction pathways to induce cell cycle arrest and caspase-mediated apoptosis, and decrease tumour cell growth.
In addition, this agent may inhibit angiogenesis through the blockage of vascular endothelial growth factor radio (VEGFR) and the succeeding inhibition of tumour cell-induced vessel formation. Also, this agent prevents free major formation and inhibits lipid peroxidation, thereby stopping GENETICS cell damage. Tocotrienol farnesyl isoprenoid side chains contain 3 double bonds, which are absent in tocopherols, likely contribute to their anti-cancer activities.
On the other hand, correctly found that these properties of tocotrienols are limited to certain tissues, but little is well known about the exact mechanism of action engaged, and further research is needed.
Tocotrienols VS Tocopherols:
1st, both can react with free radicals and possess anti-lipid peroxidation properties;
Second, tocopherol has a significantly improved film hardness when compared with tocotrienol;
Third, in the membrane layer, the two have similar mobility, but the tocotrienol can be more easily transported involving the cell membrane and absorbed by the cell membrane; in addition, only α-tocopherol and α-tocotrienol can be Cu2+ That is reduced to Cu1+ and used as an oxidation enhancer in the oxidation reaction of methyl linoleate.
